UDC 614.841.2.001.2
The study is aimed at identifying signs of thermal overclocking of lithium-ion batteries (Li-Ion) used in electric vehicles after a fire. The urgency of the work is due to the growing number of fires associated with the operation of electric vehicles, electric scooters and other modes of transport, where thermal acceleration is a key risk factor. During the study, complex methods were used: visual analysis of morphological changes in batteries, X-ray fluorescence analysis (XFlA) to determine the chemical composition of components, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which made it possible to study the morphology of surfaces. Experimental data have shown that when the battery is recharged, the aluminum cathode is completely destroyed due to exothermic reactions with the electrolyte, whereas when exposed to external heat, aluminum remains in the form of spherical particles (20-450 microns) due to slow and uniform heating. The analysis of the elemental composition revealed significant differences: in the case of overcharging, carbon, nickel, cobalt and manganese dominate, while high aluminum content remains during external heating. The results obtained demonstrate that the mechanism of thermal acceleration significantly depends on the type of exposure (overcharging /external heating). This opens up opportunities for the development of criteria for the examination of fires associated with LIA, and the improvement of methods for their diagnosis. The practical significance of the study is to provide tools for identifying the causes of fires in electric vehicles, which helps to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries and reduce risks for users
elektrotransport, teplovoy razgon, litiy-ionnye akkumulyatory, ekspertiza pozharov
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