UDC 614.841.2.001.2
The article is devoted to solving an urgent problem in the field of fire-technical expertise - the development of a scientifically based approach to the differentiation of damage to aluminum conductors. The aim of the study is to create a methodology for reliable differentiation of defects caused by emergency modes of operation of electrical equipment (short circuit, overcurrent, high transient resistance) and damage caused by the heat of a fire. The relevance of the work is due to the widespread use of aluminum in the energy industry, its specific properties (low melting point, active oxidation) and the lack of development of appropriate diagnostic criteria in comparison with copper conductors. The research is based on a complex that includes modeling of various emergency and thermal effects on samples, followed by analysis using modern methods of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence analysis (XFlA) and metallography. As a result, a set of diagnostic features for each type of exposure has been systematized and a step-by-step expert research methodology has been developed that regulates the sequence of actions from macroscopic examination to microstructural analysis. The practical significance of the work is to create a tool to increase the reliability, objectivity and evidence base of conclusions when determining the electrical cause of a fire
alyuminievye provodniki, pozharno-tehnicheskaya ekspertiza, differenciaciya povrezhdeniy, korotkoe zamykanie, sverhtok, bol'shoe perehodnoe soprotivlenie, skaniruyuschaya elektronnaya mikroskopiya, metallograficheskiy analiz, metodika, tipy kabeley
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