UDC 614.841.12
The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of methods for predicting the spill area and flame flare height in accidents involving flammable liquids accompanied by the complete destruction of tanks. The relevance of the study is due to the catastrophic consequences of such accidents, including large-scale fires, environmental damage and the risk of a cascading «domino effect» as well as the emergence of new threats such as attacks by unmanned aerial vehicles that exclude the stage of delayed ignition. The purpose of the work is to assess the accuracy and consistency of existing regulatory, reference and calculation methods for determining key parameters of a strait fire. The scenario of complete destruction of a typical vertical steel tank RVS-10000 with the substance nonane in the conditions of St. Petersburg, taking into account the increased air temperature and wind load, was chosen as the object of research. A comparative analysis of eight methods for calculating the area of the strait and five methods for calculating the height of the flare, regulated by Russian and international standards, was carried out. The calculation results show a high range of values, which indicates that the ranges of applicability of many models for large-scale accidents are exceeded. To verify the results, numerical simulation was performed in the Fire Dynamics Simulator software package. The results obtained using computer modeling are 3-5 times lower than the results of most methods. The conclusion is drawn about the discrepancy between the existing regulatory framework and the need for its revision and validation based on modern methods of computer modeling and laboratory experiments to develop reliable methods for risk assessment and planning fire protection measures
ploschad' razliva, vysota fakela plameni, rezervuar, goryuchie zhidkosti, pozhar, promyshlennaya bezopasnost', "effekt domino"
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