UDC 656.1
UDC 628.517.2
UDC 614.841.43
The article presents an instrumental method developed for monitoring the technical condition of fire truck power units based on the exhaust gas smoke opacity parameter. The method aims to ensure the structural safety of equipment and reduce diesel fuel overconsumption. A normative smoke opacity range for serviceable vehicles (0.12-0.6 m−1) has been established, and a statistically significant dependence of smoke opacity on mileage (R2 = 0.84) has been identified. Based on a theoretical model, which includes equations for soot oxidation kinetics and the conversion of unburned fuel mass, a quantitative assessment of overconsumption was performed. The results indicate potential savings of up to 64.6 tons of fuel per year for a fleet of 82 vehicles. The method involves the use of automated equipment for reproducible measurements, analysis of free acceleration modes, and utilization of diagnostic parameters from the ECU, such as injection timing. Special attention is paid to the extended diagnostic cycle "acceleration-coastdown," which allows estimating mechanical losses in the engine. The practical significance of the work lies in the creation of a technology that enables a transition to condition-based maintenance, improving equipment reliability, optimizing operating costs, and implementing a predictive approach to maintaining the fire truck fleet
pozharnye avtomobili, dizel'nye dvigateli, dymnost' otrabotavshih gazov, pererashod topliva, konstruktivnaya bezopasnost', instrumental'nyy kontrol'
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